How does the ISG15/ISGylation system modulate Vaccinia virus infection? biorxivpreprint uihealthcare UAM_Madrid virus virology poxvirus vaccina infection
By Neha MathurNov 1 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* server, researchers demonstrated how interferon-stimulated gene 15 is involved in the Vaccinia virus dissemination.
The former disseminates after cell lysis, whereas the latter propels via actin tails from living cells. In addition, the two viral forms have different protein compositions and differ among the different VACV strains. It is not yet completely understood how viral shedding plays a role in poxvirus transmission.
Study findings The absence of ISG15 in MEF infected with VACV IHD-J showed reduced EV production. Also, compared to Isg15+/+ MEF, these cells showed IHD-J accumulation in the cytoplasm and the abolition of comet-shaped plaques. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that intracellular virus particles were increased in IHD-J-infected Isg15-/- cells. Surprisingly, quantifying the intracellular infectious virions by plaque assay did not show any difference between genotypes, suggesting that many of the accumulated particles in Isg15-/- cells might be defective and non-infectious.
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