Inflammation in critical areas of the brain could explain the risky decision-making we see in people with alcohol use disorder.
Our nervous system regularly interacts with our immune system so that our bodies can fight against infection from pathogenic microorganisms and allow our nervous system to regulate immune functioning.
These neuroimmune interactions not only regulate the functioning of our brains, emotions, and mood but also play a role in several neuropsychiatric diseases, including alcohol use disorder .Alcohol use disorder, in simple terms, is an abuse of alcohol, so much so that the person doesn’t stop drinking even when it causes problems. The person often goes into a negative emotional state. It may also lead to alcoholism.
A team of scientists has found a new link between how excessive drinking can cause inflammation in critical areas of the brain, which would potentially impact decision-making and impulsivity.The researchers compared alcohol-dependent mice with another group of mice drinking moderate or no alcohol at all.
In the group of mice which had been moderately or not exposed to alcohol at all, the IL-1β signals did their job properly and activated an anti-inflammatory signal pathway. However, the IL-1β pathway had an opposite reaction in the alcohol-dependent mice. Their brain activity saw pro-inflammatory signaling, likely contributing to changes in brain activity associated with AUD - like increasingly risky decision-making and impulsivity that drive further cycles of binge drinking as individuals transition to the dependent state.It’s a vicious cycle between changes to the brain and changes to behavior.
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