For WorldLupusDay, learn more about a therapy approved for use in people with certain cancers that was shown to wipe out lupus in mice.
and lymphomas in adults. Although CAR-T therapy can target different cells, the approved treatments hunt down and destroy B cells by spotting a protein marker, CD19, that almost all B cells sport on their surface.
Did the results mean B cells weren't important in lupus after all? The answer is no, suggests Mark Shlomchik, an immunologist at the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania who was not involved in the new study. He believes rituximab stumbled in part because of an unfortunate confluence of how the antibody works and how the immune system falters in lupus. Rituximab needs immune cells called macrophages to step in and assist in B cell destruction.
In 26 of the mice, the CAR-T cells successfully destroyed the B cells with CD19—nearly all of them—and those cells never reappeared. That's similar to what's been observed in cancer patients who undergo CAR-T therapy. The effects on mouse health surprised even Radic, who'd had high hopes: The animals' spleens, skin, kidneys, and other body partsMost of the animals that were successfully treated lived for more than a year after treatment, a long stretch in mouse-time.
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