In 1960, Freeman Dyson proposed how advanced civilizations could create megastructures that enclosed their system, allowing them to harness all of their star's energy and multiplying the habitable space they could occupy.
, where he described how a future advanced human civilization was"able to construct, out in space, artificial planets for permanent habitation. These great hollow globes of artificial super-metals and artificial transparent adamant, ranged in size from the earliest and smallest structures, which were no bigger than a very smallThese sources may have been the source of inspiration for Dyson's 1960 proposal paper.
We have no direct knowledge of the material conditions which these beings would encounter in their search for lebensraum… One should expect that, within a few thousand years of its entering the stage of industrial development, any intelligent species should be found occupying an artificial biosphere which completely surrounds its parent star."
"Carl Sagan and Russel Walker suggested in 1966 in the paper"The Infrared Detectability of Dyson Civilizations" to search for Dyson civilizations using IR space telescopes. Astronomers still continue to look for such objects, though with negative results till now, because the concept is not limited to time – any long-term civilization may ultimately require the entire output of their host star.
This includes the rocky interior and metallic core, whereas hydrogen and helium could not be practically used as building materials. Narasimha and his colleagues also argue that enclosing a star like our Sun would trap all of its solar wind inside, leading to the disappearance of the heliosphere and exposing the Dyson Sphere to elevated levels of cosmic rays – potentially harming the biosphere inside. This is one of several issues that the team identified with Dyson's original proposal:
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