Globally, influenza has been responsible for more outbreaks than any other infectious disease over the past 23 years, followed by Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and Ebola.
Middle East respiratory syndrome, thought to be transmitted by camels, was a commonly reported infectious disease between 1996 and 2019.Globally, influenza has been responsible for more outbreaks than any other infectious disease over the past 23 years, followed by Middle East respiratory syndrome and Ebola, finds an analysis of disease reports by the World Health Organization .
The researchers found that in most years, influenza, especially the H5N1 variant, was reported at the highest frequency of any infectious disease — 776 outbreaks have been documented since 1996. Katz says that the diversity in reporting patterns results from the disparate surveillance capacities of various countries, along with the diseases that national health authorities prioritize and, ultimately, what the WHO decides to concern itself with. “There are a lot of humans involved here, and humans are making different calls,” she says. For instance, Ebola is reported much more often than other haemorrhagic fevers that periodically erupt in Africa.
The database will allow researchers to look at the factors that determine how much money is spent to suppress a specific outbreak, or how external circumstances such as conflicts or weather events affect them, says Katz. However, the study notes that DON reports do not mention all known outbreaks in every region.
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