The EU's Brexit unity is about to come under severe strain
But in truth, the ticking clock also presents new challenges for the EU side. The constricted timescale means it has to make rapid and uncomfortable choices about what to include in the trade deal and what to leave out.
A senior German official said that a “standard” trade agreement with the U.K. could still be reached: “We have already shown that you can negotiate a lot in a short time if you set yourself clear goals." Countries with big fishing fleets fear that without the leverage of trade, the U.K. will not give ground on access to its waters.
“It should be a part of [the trade deal], and we are a number of countries who work for that. And also the signals we get from the Commission is that they see it like that as well,” Denmark’s Fisheries Minister Mogens Jensen told POLITICO. Such mixed agreements require not only the green light from EU governments and the European Parliament but also the approval of some 40 national and regional parliaments across the EU. It’s a process that usually takes years and risks being held up, as was the case with the EU-Canada trade accord that was on the brink of failure in 2016 when the Belgian regional parliament of Wallonia threatened to veto it.
Isabelle Van Damme, a trade lawyer with Van Bael & Bellis, said that even though a future EU-U.K. agreement might touch on shared competences between the EU and its member countries, that would not necessarily mean that EU countries would need to become party to that agreement and thereby request ratification by national lawmakers.
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