Scientists have long tried to understand what ties auroras to the calendar.
Auroras are only one aspect of the tempests that these particles brew up as they blow over Earth. So-called geomagnetic storms surge in strength and number twice a year, indeed, around the equinoxes. According tofrom the British Geological Survey, on average, a sizable magnetic storm happens on nearly twice as many days in March as in June or July.what would become the most accepted explanation of why Earth experiences more magnetic activity at these times of year.
Russell and McPherron determined that the answers lay in how the sun and Earth's respective magnetic fields meet each other. The tilt of Earth's magnetic field means that they're largely misaligned. As the solar wind comes across Earth, the disjunction deflects much of it away from the planet. They looked at what scientists call the field's azimuthal component: The direction that, from Earth's perspective, goes up and down through the planet's poles. As Earth approaches the equinox in its orbit, Earth's azimuthal component lines up with the sun's.In itself, this alignment wouldn't open Earth to the solar wind. However, the two magnetic fields end up pointing in opposite directions.
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