Research led by Duke University, Durham, has discovered a situation-dependent traffic jam in mRNA translation caused by RNA hairpins leading to higher translation of upstream start codons (uAUGs).
In a paper,"Pervasive downstream RNA hairpins dynamically dictate start-codon selection," published in, the team describes their findings of a translational regulation mechanism in the plant Arabidopsis and consequent discovery of a similar mechanism in humans. A News & Views piece in the same journal issue discussed the work done by the team.
The study discovered that if the mRNA has a hairpin loop located between two starting codons, the scanning process will be slowed down, providing more time for recognition of the upstream start codon , leading to a highertriggered by the presence of elf18 to identify changes in codon selection.
The"if this, then that" mechanism functions much like a logic gate, allowing the same mRNA segment to produce an alternative protein when the situation dictates.
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