Dogs’ Personalities Aren’t Determined by Their Breed
Many people have preconceived notions about different dog breeds’ behavioral quirks. Golden retrievers are seen as playful and affectionate, and pit bulls can be viewed as hostile and aggressive. Chihuahuas are labeled yappy and temperamental, whereas bulldogs are described as easygoing and sociable.
To determine the impact of breed on behavior, Morrill and her co-authors surveyed the owners of 18,385 dogs on Darwin’s Ark, a community science initiative where people can report their pet’s behaviors. For this project, the researchers asked the owners more than 100 questions relating to everything from a dog’s physical size and color to its sociability and lifestyle.
After running the survey data and sequenced DNA through a battery of statistical analyses, Morrill and her co-authors identified 11 genetic regions strongly associated with dog behavior, such as howling frequency and sociability with humans. But none of these behavioral regions was specific to any one of the 78 breeds examined in the study.
A dog’s sex and age turned out to be a better indicator for certain traits, such as bathroom habits or level of toy interaction, though not most of them. “People hold very strong beliefs that dog breeds are different in their behavior, but I think we have to just accept that sometimes those differences aren’t so extreme,” Morrill says.
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