'Nature prescriptions' can improve physical and mental health TheLancet
]. Results from our study indicate, for the first time, a similar relationship between green space availability and neighbourhood socioeconomic circumstance exists within Australia’s most populous cities. Neighbourhoods in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide with a higher percentage of low income households had substantively less green space availability.
A second finding from our study was that the magnitude of association between green space and neighbourhood socioeconomic circumstances varied between cities. The gradient was steepest in the cities of Sydney and Adelaide, but relatively flatter in Melbourne. As the distribution of low-income neighbourhoods varies between cities, these results suggest that investments to equalise green space availability should be city-specific.
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High prevalence of metabolic diseases, liver steatosis and fibrosis among Chinese psychiatric patients - BMC PsychiatryBackground We aimed to investigate the differences of metabolic disorders between the general population and psychiatric patients, with an emphasis on the prevalence and influencing factors of liver fibrosis in psychiatric patients. Methods A total of 734 psychiatric patients and 734 general population matched for age, sex, and BMI were enrolled from Shanghai, China. All participants underwent blood pressure, glucose, lipid profile measurements, and anthropometric parameters including body weight, height and waist circumference. FibroScan examinations were also performed on psychiatric patients. Liver steatosis and fibrosis were diagnosed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by professional staff. Results Compared with the general population, psychiatric patients revealed significantly higher burden of metabolic disorders. The overall prevalence of liver steatosis (CAP ≥ 233 dB/m) and fibrosis (LSM ≥ 7.0 kPa) was 48.7% and 15.5% in psychiatric patients. Psychiatric patients with liver steatosis or fibrosis showed worse metabolic profile. Meanwhile, the prevalence of liver fibrosis was also significantly higher in patients with overweight, central obesity, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and liver steatosis. In logistic regression analyses, age, BMI and visceral adiposity index were independent risk factors for liver fibrosis in psychiatric patients. Additionally, antipsychotic medication was suggested to be associated with an increased risk of liver fibrosis in psychiatric patients with liver steatosis. Conclusions Prevalence of liver steatosis and fibrosis is high in Chinese psychiatric patients. Those with antipsychotic polypharmacy and obesity are at high risk, and may benefit from early liver assessment in preventing fibrosis progression.
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Spatiotemporal overlapping of dengue, chikungunya, and malaria infections in children in Kenya - BMC Infectious DiseasesMalaria, chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and dengue virus (DENV) are endemic causes of fever among children in Kenya. The risks of infection are multifactorial and may be influenced by built and social environments. The high resolution overlapping of these diseases and factors affecting their spatial heterogeneity has not been investigated in Kenya. From 2014-2018, we prospectively followed a cohort of children from four communities in both coastal and western Kenya. Overall, 9.8% were CHIKV seropositive, 5.5% were DENV seropositive, and 39.1% were malaria positive (3521 children tested). The spatial analysis identified hot-spots for all three diseases in each site and in multiple years. The results of the model showed that the risk of exposure was linked to demographics with common factors for the three diseases including the presence of litter, crowded households, and higher wealth in these communities. These insights are of high importance to improve surveillance and targeted control of mosquito-borne diseases in Kenya.
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Pregnancy-related sensory deficits might impair foraging in echolocating bats - BMC BiologyBackground Reproduction entails substantial demands throughout its distinct stages. The mammalian gestation period imposes various energetic costs and movement deficits, but its effects on the sensory system are poorly understood. Bats rely heavily on active sensing, using echolocation to forage in complete darkness, or when lighting is uncertain. We examined the effects of pregnancy on bat echolocation. Results We show that pregnant Kuhl’s pipistrelles (Pipistrellus kuhlii) altered their echolocation and flight behavior. Specifically, pregnant bats emitted longer echolocation signals at an ~ 15% lower rate, while flying more slowly and at a lower altitude compared to post-lactating females. A sensorimotor foraging model suggests that these changes could lead to an ~ 15% reduction in hunting performance during pregnancy. Conclusions Sensory deficits related to pregnancy could impair foraging in echolocating bats. Our study demonstrates an additional cost of reproduction of possible relevance to other sensory modalities and organisms.
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Police appeal after teenagers reported to be causing fires in Telford public parkPolice have urged witnesses to anti-social behaviour to report it to them following a fire at the The Bell playing field, in Donnington.
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NHS mental health services expected to face full public inquiry to force staff to give evidenceHealth Secretary Steve Barclay is understood to have agreed that changes must be made to the Essex Mental Health Independent Inquiry, after it stalled due to a near total lack of co-operation from current and former NHS staff
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New Sheffield city centre park to open to publicPound's Park is named after Sheffield's first Chief Fire Officer, Supt John Charles Pound.
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