Characterization of bat viromes reveals the co-infection, spillover, and emergence risk of several zoonotic viruses biorxivpreprint Bat BatViromes Spillover ZoonoticViruses
By Neha MathurNov 28 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers characterized the mammal-infecting viruses in 149 bats, representing six genera and 15 species, sampled from Yunnan province, China using an unbiased meta-transcriptomics approach.
About the study In the present study, researchers collected rectum samples from 149 bats between 2015 and 2019 for ribonucleic acid extraction and meta-transcriptomic sequencing. They used non-ribosomal RNA reads to assemble contigs de novo and used those annotated as viruses for virome characterization. Next, the researchers quantified the virus load and the number of virus species for each bat. Notably, they only considered bats with greater than one read per million reads as true positives.
Genetics & Genomics eBook Compilation of the top interviews, articles, and news in the last year. Download a copy today An observed high frequency of virus co-infection and species spillover among the bat species create conditions that facilitate virus recombination and reassortment. The researchers identified five viral species likely to be pathogenic to humans, including a novel recombinant SARS-like coronavirus .
A phylogenetic analysis using the conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase protein revealed that both Bat SARS-like virus BtSY1 and BtSY2 belonged to the subgenus Sarbecovirus of betacoronaviruses, which had >90% nucleotide identity to human SARS-CoV. Notably, the N-terminal domain, receptor-binding domain, and nucleocapsid genes of Bat SARS-like virus BtSY2 were more closely related to SARS-CoV-2's early Wuhan-Hu-1 strain, indicating a history of recombination.
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