In a paper published in Nature Communications, researchers describe how their “artificial chameleon skin” can detect the colour of the environment in which it is placed, and mimic it to blend in
CHAMELEONS ARE famous for their ability to change colour. But their reputation exceeds the reality. Chameleons can not, in fact, take on any colour they touch. And although their colour-shifting abilities are useful for camouflage, they are used mostly to regulate body temperature , or to communicate with other chameleons .
Real chameleon skin is made up of two layers of specialised cells called iridophores, which are filled with pigments and tiny crystals made of guanine, an organic chemical that also serves as one of the four letters of DNA. Their colour-shifting capabilities are mechanical, rather than chemical. Relaxing or exciting the skin changes the distances between neighbouring crystals. That affects the wavelength—and therefore the colour—of the light that is reflected.
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