Analysis | Trump’s explanation of the trade fight with China is wrong in a remarkable number of ways

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Analysis | Trump’s explanation of the trade fight with China is wrong in a remarkable number of ways
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Analysis: Trump’s explanation of the trade fight with China is wrong in a remarkable number of ways

By Philip Bump Philip Bump National correspondent focused largely on the numbers behind politics Email Bio Follow May 10 at 10:05 AM Trade balances aren’t really very complicated. If the United States buys $1,000 worth of goods from Canada and Canada buys $400 from the United States, the United States has a trade deficit with Canada of $600. Whether that’s necessarily bad depends on a number of other factors: what’s being traded, the state of the economy, the effects on either country’s economy.

Since that peak, imports have receded, as they often do at this part in the cycle. But the drop-off in recent months has been larger than in recent years: Between October and March, imports fell by $21 billion, the biggest drop over that same period on record. Again, though, this formulation doesn’t make sense, by itself. Why is importing inexpensive consumer goods from China necessarily “Crazy”? Trump’s political rhetoric is focused on revitalizing manufacturing, which has led him to disparage manufacturing done in foreign countries. But to broadly disparage all imports as “crazy” is hard to rationalize.

No, they don’t. As we’ve noted before, there are some customs duties that are paid directly to the government when products are imported. In 2017, the government earned about $35 billion that way. But tariffs on imports are often added to the price of the imported product, meaning that the tariffs are being paid by the people who buy the product — in this case, American consumers.

Here his numbers are about right: $250 billion of imports for which tariffs apply, plus $325 billion for which they don’t now is about $575 billion — a bit more than the $540 billion imported in 2018 but not terribly so.“With the over 100 Billion Dollars in Tariffs that we take in”, he wrote, “we will buy agricultural products from our Great Farmers, in larger amounts than China ever did, and ship it to poor & starving countries in the form of humanitarian assistance. ...

What Trump’s claiming here, though, is that he’ll take money paid by China in the form of tariffs to buy the farmers’ goods and ship them to other countries — leaving lots of money left over for other funding needs. But we can translate his argument in a less flattering way: Trump is taxing American consumers and using some of that money to buy agricultural products to protect part of his political base from his trade war.

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