How do stimulant medications treat ADHD? How is ADHD medication dosed? How does a doctor choose which medication to prescribe?
is a tablet that is released immediately into the bloodstream and works for four hours. Ritalin LA, on the other hand, is a capsule that releases over a longer period of time and works for eight hours. Different names, even though both contain the same medicine — methylphenidate.
Before we go any further, I want to give you a quick refresher on why doctors prescribe stimulants for the condition.ADHD is a neurologically based disorder, resulting from the deficiency of a neurotransmitter, or a group of neurotransmitters, in specific areas of the brain. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals between nerve cells by bridging the synapse between them.
The key neurotransmitter involved is norepinephrine, along with its building blocks, dopa and dopamine. The primary medications used to treat ADHD stimulate specific cells within the brain to produce more of the deficient neurotransmitter. That’s why these medications are called stimulants.The two main classes of stimulant medications, methylphenidate and dextro-amphetamine — both are generic names — have been used since the 1960s.
As if that weren’t challenging enough, amphetamine and methylphenidate are made of two isomers, called dextro and levo isomers. When the first amphetamine products used for ADHD were studied, experts learned that the dextro form was more effective in managing symptoms than the levo form. Thus, dextro-amphetamine became the primary product used to treat the condition. A similar finding was recently made on methylphenidate.
I saw a child who, after receiving extensive evaluation, was diagnosed with inattentive attention deficit disorder (
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