Nature research paper: Accelerating the energy transition towards photovoltaic and wind in China
using three assumptions. First, the electricity generated by all PV and wind power plants in a region is used to meet the power demand in this region as a priority. Second, the extra electricity is connected to a substation in the UHV line and transmitted to a region in which the next substation in the line is located. Third, the electricity transmitted to a region is distributed to each county based on the distribution of the consumption of electricity in this region.
As a caveat of this study, we do not have explicit information for all UHV transmission lines, so we assumed that the UHV lines projected by the central government are used as a proxy for UHV lines between the main regions in the country. This assumption is useful to determine the demand for electricity transmission between regions, but it could lead to bias in our cost estimation because of the lack of detailed information for all UHV lines.
We sought the optimal system for storing energy when building a new power plant using either mechanical storage with a lifetime of 50 years and a round-trip efficiency of 70% or chemical storage with a lifetime of 15 years and a round-trip efficiency of 85% (see the parameterization of two systems in Supplementary Table
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