A Second Generation of Planets can Form Around a Dying Star - Universe Today

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A Second Generation of Planets can Form Around a Dying Star - Universe Today
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Plans from disks of material rotating around young stars. But now it looks like dying binary stars can form planets, too.

When young stars coalesce out of a cloud of molecular hydrogen, a disk of leftover material called a protoplanetary disk surrounds them. This disk is where planets form, and astronomers are getting better at peering into those veiled environments and watching embryonic worlds take shape. But young stars aren’t the only stars with disks of raw material rotating around them.

” The first author is KU Leuven astronomer Jacques Kluska. The journal Astronomy and Astrophysics published the paper. There’s probably only one thing that can form in these disks: planets. Observations of the dying star strengthen the likelihood of the object being a planet. “In the evolved binary stars with a large cavity in the disc, we saw that heavy elements such as iron were very scarce on the surface of the dying star,” said Kluska. “This observation leads one to suspect that dust particles rich in these elements were trapped by a planet.

The star’s not finished yet. It experiences some thermal pulses and fuses some more hydrogen, and experiences some helium flashes. But the star has lost a lot of its mass by shedding it into space. If it has a binary partner, the material doesn’t go far. The binary pair will have a center of gravity, and the ejected material will form a circumbinary disk around the center.

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