Over 1,000 children in the U.S., U.K., and other countries have contracted an unusual form of hepatitis since the spring, and there’s still no clear cause.
. Scientists are scrambling to find answers as to what’s causing this new spate in cases—yet many basic aspects of the outbreak remain a mystery.
“The hypothesis that we are looking into is: ‘Is it associated with adenovirus?’” Tate said. Adenovirus 41 is known to cause hepatitis in immunocompromised children, but the children who have contracted severe liver infections were otherwise healthy. Tate added that the mechanism by which adenovirus infection might be related to these cases and other co-infections is unknown.
Still, based on evidence from children’s infected livers that required transplantation, the study’s authors suspect liver malfunction in these patients was not directly caused by infection from either AAV2 or an associated helper virus. Ongoing investigations have also looked at COVID infections and lockdowns as a contributing factor for the new hepatitis outbreak. Anpublished this month lays out the case for “superantigen-mediated immune activation,” which posits the coronavirus’ spike protein could trigger a broad overreaction by the body’s immune system that may explain why severe bouts of hepatitis have been associated with a few normally mild viruses.
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