A new study shows that counter to public perception, positive beliefs about the world are a poor indicator of a person's background.
One might think that people living in more violent neighborhoods see the world as less safe, or that those whose socioeconomic status improved see the world as getting better, or that chronic pain patients view the world as significantly less pleasurable.
"A lot of people would expect that people's beliefs about how the world is around them are largely a reflection of what things they've experienced," says postdoctoral fellow Nicholas Kerry, lead author on the paper, but that is not the case. Kerry works with Jer Clifton, director of The Primals Project, another author on the paper.
In 2013, Clifton put together an advisory team to identify all major primals, working with 70 researchers for five years. They identified 26 stable but hidden primal world beliefs -- which mostly fall into the categories of safe versus dangerous, enticing versus dull, and alive versus mechanistic -- and developed a 99-question survey.
As part of another study, the researchers asked 494 laypeople and 486 psychology researchers how theypeople would answer, based on categories such as socioeconomic status or neighborhood safety. But for all 12 hypotheses tested, the median researcher-predicted effect was greater than the actual relationship from surveys. There was a modest relationship between people who experienced childhood trauma and seeing the world as less safe, but still less than researchers predicted.
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