A case for updating COVID vaccines with beta variant spike sequences Coronavirus Disease COVID Antibodies Antibody Antigen Sanofi NatureComms
By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Oct 3 2022Reviewed by Emily Henderson, B.Sc. COVID-19 vaccines to date have been designed to protect against the ancestral strain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 . Recently, health authorities have advised changes in the COVID-19 vaccine design, i.e., replacement of the ancestral strain with other strains, to combat the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants more efficiently.
SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Strategies to Improve Vaccine Efficacy against VOCs Due to genomic mutations, SARS-CoV-2 has continued to evolve, and the emerging variants have been categorized as variants of interest and VOC based on their virulence and infectivity relative to the ancestral strain. Vaccination Status of a Population Pre-pandemic samples revealed the existence of SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ T cells and non-neutralizing antibodies that were effective against SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid. Nevertheless, there has been conflicting evidence about whether these antibodies could prevent severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The Efficacy of Beta-based Booster Vaccines Genetics & Genomics eBook Compilation of the top interviews, articles, and news in the last year.Two key determinants that broaden the immune response elicited in people with pre-existing immunity are spike protein sequence and design. Non-human primates challenged with an ancestral strain spike antigen, Beta variant-containing mRNA, and adjuvanted recombinant protein vaccines exhibited broad cross-reactivity across SARS-CoV-2 VOCs and SARS-CoV-1.
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Waning of vaccine effectiveness against moderate and severe covid-19 among adults in the US from the VISION network: test negative, case-control studyObjective To estimate the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against moderate and severe covid-19 in adults by time since second, third, or fourth doses, and by age and immunocompromised status. Design Test negative case-control study. Setting Hospitals, emergency departments, and urgent care clinics in 10 US states, 17 January 2021 to 12 July 2022. Participants 893 461 adults (≥18 years) admitted to one of 261 hospitals or to one of 272 emergency department or 119 urgent care centers for covid-like illness tested for SARS-CoV-2. Main outcome measures The main outcome was waning of vaccine effectiveness with BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine during the omicron and delta periods, and the period before delta was dominant using logistic regression conditioned on calendar week and geographic area while adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, local virus circulation, immunocompromised status, and likelihood of being vaccinated. Results 45 903 people admitted to hospital with covid-19 (cases) were compared with 213 103 people with covid-like illness who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (controls), and 103 287 people admitted to emergency department or urgent care with covid-19 (cases) were compared with 531 168 people with covid-like illness who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. In the omicron period, vaccine effectiveness against covid-19 requiring admission to hospital was 89% (95% confidence interval 88% to 90%) within two months after dose 3 but waned to 66% (63% to 68%) by four to five months. Vaccine effectiveness of three doses against emergency department or urgent care visits was 83% (82% to 84%) initially but waned to 46% (44% to 49%) by four to five months. Waning was evident in all subgroups, including young adults and individuals who were not immunocompromised; although waning was morein people who were immunocompromised. Vaccine effectiveness increased among most groups after a fourth dose in whom this booster was recommended. Conclusions Effecti
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Is it safe to breastfeed after the COVID-19 mRNA vaccination?A recent study attempts to answer the question of whether the COVID-19 vaccine is safe for lactating women who received the vaccine within six months postpartum.
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Covid hospital admissions rise 50 per cent in a week fuelling 'new wave' fearsThe number of patients in hospital with covid has risen sharply for the first time since the peak of the last wave
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Transparency and reporting characteristics of COVID-19 randomized controlled trials - BMC MedicineBackground In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are essential to support clinical decision-making. We aimed (1) to assess and compare the reporting characteristics of RCTs between preprints and peer-reviewed publications and (2) to assess whether reporting improves after the peer review process for all preprints subsequently published in peer-reviewed journals. Methods We searched the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register and L·OVE COVID-19 platform to identify all reports of RCTs assessing pharmacological treatments of COVID-19, up to May 2021. We extracted indicators of transparency (e.g., trial registration, data sharing intentions) and assessed the completeness of reporting (i.e., some important CONSORT items, conflict of interest, ethical approval) using a standardized data extraction form. We also identified paired reports published in preprint and peer-reviewed publications. Results We identified 251 trial reports: 121 (48%) were first published in peer-reviewed journals, and 130 (52%) were first published as preprints. Transparency was poor. About half of trials were prospectively registered (n=140, 56%); 38% (n=95) made their full protocols available, and 29% (n=72) provided access to their statistical analysis plan report. A data sharing statement was reported in 68% (n=170) of the reports of which 91% stated their willingness to share. Completeness of reporting was low: only 32% (n=81) of trials completely defined the pre-specified primary outcome measures; 57% (n=143) reported the process of allocation concealment. Overall, 51% (n=127) adequately reported the results for the primary outcomes while only 14% (n=36) of trials adequately described harms. Primary outcome(s) reported in trial registries and published reports were inconsistent in 49% (n=104) of trials; of them, only 15% (n=16) disclosed outcome switching in the report. There were no major differences between preprints and peer-reviewed publications. Of the 130
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Ringo Starr, 82, cancels further shows after testing positive for CovidSir Ringo Starr, 82, cancels further shows after testing positive for Covid
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How China’s covid policy is like Prohibition in AmericaIf Chinese leaders decide to live with covid, it would take many months to change course, not least to fully vaccinate tens of millions of old people
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